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赛事转播由观众当导播？“自由视角”技术让冬奥观赛身临其境******
你是否想象过，通过任意视角“无死角”观察比赛细节的新体验——随意滑动手机屏幕，比赛转播画面便相应转换角度，当选定角度松开手指，画面即以新的视角和位置播放；借助“子弹时间”技术，在比赛过程中“凝固时空”，全方位观看运动员的竞技瞬间……
“这个技术让我们坐在家里却好像置身赛场，360度想看哪里就看哪里，紧紧跟上瞬息万变的赛场形势。”使体育赛事观众感到新奇的这一体验，是国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项“冰雪项目交互式多维度观赛体验技术与系统”中，由优酷参与研发的历时两年多研发的“自由视角”视频技术所带来的。该技术于2021年4月亮相“相约北京”冬季体育冰上项目测试活动，分别在国家体育馆、五棵松体育馆运行测试。
赛事转播新技术的惊艳亮相，进一步推动着科技创新与冬奥赛事深度融合。通过我国企业自主研发的“自由视角”视频技术对冬奥冰雪项目进行示范播出，观众可使用电视、手机或VR设备，通过自主交互连续改变视角和位置，既可以让画面静止以观察某一个比赛瞬间的不同角度，又可以让画面保持流动而不打断比赛，让观众自己当“导播”，突破传统的定点和被动式观赏赛事，提升用户观赛体验。
观众体验自由视角观赛
“我们看到的画面并不是由相机单纯拍摄的，而是通过算法渲染出来，根据三维程序补充出来的。”优酷“自由视角”系统课题负责人盛骁杰介绍，在测试活动中，国家体育馆内的U型架上共架设40台相机，总长度达210米。通过三维重建和渲染，可以渲染出任意时长和帧率的精彩特效片段，相当于1200台相机同时拍摄拼接的效果。无须特殊装备，也不用专门的带宽，仅需手持5G手机，搭配5G网络，冰雪“发烧友”就可以便捷实现高质量的交互式观赛。
据了解，在内容生产上，“自由视角”技术能嵌入转播信号，实现多角度、清晰的即时三维比赛细节还原。针对冰球比赛，这一技术以重点镜头和氛围镜头为侧重，能够让观众感受到冰球赛事独特的魅力。此外，该技术可协助裁判更快速、精准地做出判罚，还能使运动员和教练员在日常训练中多角度直观回顾场上细节。“它可以直接植入到普通的转播当中，比如场上比赛的某一瞬间，观众或裁判没看清楚，系统可以随时生成一个360度的信号提供给裁判和转播商，能够很好地解决判罚和观赏方面的问题。”盛骁杰说。
“‘自由视角’技术的目标是建立交互式多维度观赛体验系统。具体来讲，我们想实现全新的观赛体验。”“科技冬奥”重点专项“冰雪项目交互式多维度观赛体验技术与系统”项目负责人、北京大学博雅特聘教授陈宝权表示，这一技术的第一个特点是实现了多视点观赛功能，第二个是交互性，观众可以决定自己的视点，选择其最舒适的视角去看精彩的比赛。同时，“自由视角”技术还实现了多终端的观看，除通过电视收看外，还支持手机端和VR设备观看。“戴着VR设备，不需要手的交互，而是通过人们身体的自然交互，VR设备的视角能使我们进一步达到身临其境的观赛体验。”
工作人员对自由视角视频直播作测试
事实上，在应用于北京冬奥会赛事转播前，“自由视角”技术已成功落地多档综艺节目及CBA、CUBA等体育赛事场景。而测试活动中所使用的“自由视角”技术和以往的应用有所不同，项目组形成了具有自主知识产权的端到端自由视角点播和直播系统，将8K“自由视角”系统从现场阵列采集、云端三维重建、编码传输到终端解码渲染都做到了端到端实时处理，从而达到能够支持冬奥相关赛事直播的技术水平。（孔繁鑫）
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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